Online guide to the continental Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary in the Raton basin, Colorado and New Mexico

References Cited

Alvarez, W., 1997, T. rex and the crater of doom: Princeton, N.J., Princeton University Press, 185 p.

Alvarez, L.W., Alvarez, W., Asaro, F., and Michel, H.V., 1980, Extraterrestrial cause of the Cretaceous-Tertiary extinction: Science, v. 208, p. 1095-1108.

Barclay, R.S., Johnson, K.R., Betterton, W.J., and Dilcher, D.L., 2003, Stratigraphy and megaflora of a K-T boundary section in the eastern Denver Basin, Colorado: Rocky Mountain Geology, v. 38, no. 1, p. 45-71.

Bohor, B.F., Foord, E.E., Moires, P.J., and Triplehorn, D.M., 1984, Mineralogic evidence for an impact event at the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary: Science, v. 224, no. 4651, p. 867-869.

Brown, R.W., 1962, Paleocene Flora of the Rocky Mountains and Great Plains: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 375, 199 p.

Fleming, R.F., 1986, Fossil Scenedesmus (Chlorophyta) and its paleoecological significance: Nineteenth Annual Meeting, American Association of Stratigraphic Palynologists, Program and Abstracts, p. 10.

_____, 1987, Paleoenvironmental significance of fossil Chlorococcalean algae from the Raton Formation, Colorado and New Mexico: Annual Meeting of the Rocky Mountain Section of the Geological Society of America.

Fleming, R.F., and Nichols, D.J., 1990, The fern-spore abundance anomaly at the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary: A regional bioevent in western North America, in, Kauffman, E.G., and Walliser, O.H., (editors), Extinction events in Earth history: Lecture Notes in Earth Sciences, Springer-Verlag, p. 347-349.

Flores, R.M., 1984, Comparative analysis of coal accumulation in Cretaceous alluvial deposits, southern United States Rocky Mountain Basins, in Stott, D.F., and Glass, D., eds., The Mesozoic of Middle North America: Canadian Society of Petroleum Geologists Memoir 9, p. 373 385.

Flores, R.M. and Pillmore, C.L., 1987, Tectonic control on alluvial paleoarchitecture of the Cretaceous and Tertiary Raton basin, Colorado and New Mexico, in Ethridge, F.G., Flores, R.M., and Harvey, M.D., eds., Recent developments in fluvial sedimentology: Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists Special Publication 39, p. 311-320.

Flores, R.M, and Tur, S.M., 1982, Characteristics of deltaic deposits in the Cretaceous Pierre Shale, Trinidad Sandstone, and Vermejo Formation, Raton Basin, Colorado: The Mountain Geologist, v. 19, p. 25 40.

Gilmore, J.S., Knight, J.D., Orth, C.J., Pillmore, C.L., and Tschudy, R.H., 1984, Trace element patterns at a non marine Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary, Western Interior: Nature, v. 307, no. 5948, p. 224-228.

Hickey, L.J., 1981, Land plant evidence compatible with gradual, not catastrophic, change at the end of the Cretaceous, Nature, vol. 292, p. 529-531.

Hildebrand, A.R., and Boynton, W.V., 1988, Provenance of the K-T boundary layers, in Global catastrophes in Earth history - An interdisciplinary conference on impacts, volcanism, and mass mortality [abs.]: Lunar and Planetary Institute Contribution 673, p. 78-79.

Izett, G.A., 1990, The Cretaceous/Tertiary boundary interval, Raton Basin, Colorado and New Mexico, and its contents of shock-metamorphosed minerals; evidence relevant to the K-T boundary impact-extinction theory: Geological Society of America Special Paper, v. 249, 100 p.

Izett, G.A., and Bohor, B.F., 1986, Microstratigraphy of continental sedimentary rocks in the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary interval in the Western Interior of North America: Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs, v. 18, no. 6, p. 644.

Izett, G.A., and Pillmore, C.L., 1985a, Abrupt appearance of shocked quartz at the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary, Raton basin, Colorado and New Mexico [abs.]: Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs, vol. 17, no 7, p. 617.

_____, 1985b, Shock-metamorphic minerals at the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary, Raton basin, Colorado and New Mexico, provide evidence of asteroid impact in continental crust: EOS Transactions of the American Geophysical Union, v. 66, p. 1149-1150.

Johnson, K.R., and Hickey, J.J., 1990, Megafloral change across the Cretaceous/Tertiary boundary in the northern Great Plains and Rocky Mountains, U.S.A., in Sharpton, V.L. and Ward, P.D., eds., Global catastrophies in Earth history: an interdisciplinary conference on impacts, volcanism, and mass mortality: Geological Society of America Special Paper 247, p 433-444.

Lee, W.T., 1917, Geology of the Raton Mesa and other regions in Colorado and New Mexico, p. 9 221, in Lee, W.T., and Knowlton, F.H., Geology and paleontology of Raton Mesa and other regions in Colorado and New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 101, 450 p. [1918].

Leffingwell, H.A., 1970, Palynology of the Lance (Late Cretaceous) and Fort Union (Paleocene) Formations of the type Lance area, Wyoming, in Kosanke, R.M., and Cross, A.T., eds., Symposium on palynology of the Late Cretaceous and early Tertiary: Geological Society of America Special Paper 127, p. 1-64.

Leighton, V.L., 1980, Depositional environments and petrography of the Trinidad Sandstone and related formations, Raton area, New Mexico [M.S. thesis]: Fort Collins, Colorado State University, 105 p.

Lockley, M.L., and Hunt, A.P., 1994, A track of the giant theropod dinosaur Tyrannosaurus from close to the Cretaceous/Tertiary boundary, northern New Mexico: Ichnos, v. 3, no.3, pp.213-218.

Marvin, R.F., Young, E.J., Mehnert, H.H., and Naeser, C.W., 1974, Summary of radiometric age determinations on Mesozoic and Cenozoic igneous rocks and uranium and base metal deposits in Colorado: Isochron West, 1974, no. 11, p. 32 33 p.

McLemore, V.T., 1990, Sugarite Canyon: in New Mexico Geology, v. 12, no. 2, p. 38-42.

Nichols, D.J., 1996, Vegetational history in Western Interior North America during the Cretaceous-Tertiary transition, Chapter 29D in Jansonius, Jan, and McGregor, D.C., eds., Palynology; Principles and Applications: Dallas, Texas, American Association of Stratigraphic Palynologists, v. 3, p. 1189-1195.

Nichols, D.J., and Fleming, R.F., 1990, Plant microfossil record of the terminal Cretaceous event in the western United States and Canada, in Sharpton, V.L., and Ward, P.D., eds., Global catastrophes in Earth history; an interdisciplinary conference on impacts, volcanism, and mass mortality: Geological Society of America Special Paper 247, p. 445-455.

Nichols, D.J., and Fleming, R.F., 2002, Palynology and palynostratigraphy of Maastrichtian, Paleocene, and Eocene strata in the Denver Basin, Colorado: Rocky Mountain Geology, v. 37, no. 2, p. 135-163.

Nichols, D.J., Fleming, R.F., Upchurch, G.R., Tschudy, R.H., and Pillmore, C.L., 1985, Paleobotanical changes across the Cretaceous Tertiary boundary at Sugarite, New Mexico; new data and interpretations [abs.]: Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists, 1985 Annual Midyear Meeting Abstracts, v. 2, p. 68.

Nichols, D.J., Jarzen, D.M, Orth, C.J., and Oliver, P.Q., 1986, Palynological and Ir anomalies at Cretaceous Tertiary boundary, south central Saskatchewan: Science, v. 231, no. 4739, p. 714-717 p.

Orth, C.J., Gilmore, J.S., Knight, J.D., Pillmore, C.L., Tschudy, R.H., and Fassett, J.E., 1981, An Ir abundance anomaly at the palynological Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary in northern New Mexico: Science, v. 214, no. 4527, p. 1341 1343.

Penn, B.S, 1994, An Investigation of the temporal and geochemical characteristics, and the petrogenetic origins of the Spanish Peaks intrusive rocks of south-central Colorado [Ph.D. thesis]: Golden, Colorado School of Mines, 198 p.

Pillmore, C.L., 1969,Geologic map of the Casa Grande quadrangle, Colfax county, New Mexico, and Las Animas County, Colorado; U.S. Geological Survey Geologic Quadrangle Map GQ-823, scale 1:62,500.

Pillmore, C.L., 1976, Commercial coal beds of the Raton coal field, Colfax County, New Mexico, in Ewing, R.C., and Kues, B.S., eds., Guidebook of Vermejo Park, northeastern New Mexico: New Mexico Geological Society Guidebook, 27th Field Conference, p. 227-247.

Pillmore, C.L., and Flores, R.M., 1987, Stratigraphy and depositional environments of the Cretaceous Tertiary boundary interval and associated rocks, Raton basin, New Mexico and Colorado, in Fassett, J.E., and Rigby, K.B., Jr., eds., Cretaceous Tertiary boundary of the San Juan and Raton basins, northern New Mexico and southern Colorado: Geological Society of America Special Paper 209, p. 111 130.

Pillmore, C.L. and Scott, G.R., 1976, Pediments of the Vermejo Park area, in Ewing, R.C., and Kues, B.S., eds., Guidebook of Vermejo Park, northeastern New Mexico: New Mexico Geological Society Guidebook, 27th Field Conference, p. 111-120.

Pillmore, C.L., and Scott, G.R., 1994, Map showing the geology of the Clifton House 7½' quadrangle, Colfax County, New Mexico, and fossil zones in the Pierre Shale: U.S. Geological Survey Geologic Quadrangle Map GQ-1737, Scale 1:24,000.

Pillmore, C.L., Tschudy, R.H., Orth, C.J., Gilmore, J.S., and Knight, J.D., 1984, Geologic framework of nonmarine Cretaceous Tertiary boundary sites, Raton basin, New Mexico and Colorado: Science, v. 223, no. 4641, p. 1180-1182.

Pollastro, R.M., and Pillmore, C.L., 1987, Mineralogy and petrology of the Cretaceous Tertiary boundary clay bed and adjacent clay rich rocks, Raton basin, New Mexico and Colorado: Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, v. 57, no. 3, p. 456-466.

Pollastro, R.M., Pillmore, C.L., Tschudy, R.H., Orth, C.J., and Gilmore, J.S., 1983, Clay petrology of the conformable Cretaceous/Tertiary boundary interval, Raton Basin, New Mexico and Colorado [abs.]: Annual Clay Minerals Conference, 32nd, Buffalo, New York, 1983, Programs and Abstracts, p. 83 (2 pages).

Scott, G.R., 1986, Historic trail maps of the Raton and Springer 30' x 60' quadrangles, New Mexico and Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Investigations Series Map, I-1641, Scale 1;100,00.

Scott, G.R., and Pillmore, C.L., 1993, Geologic and structure-contour map of the Raton 30' x 60' quadrangle, Colfax and Union Counties, New Mexico, and Las Animas County, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Investigations Series Map, I-2266, Scale 1:100,000.

Smit, Jan, 1984, Evidence for worldwide microtektite strewn field at the Cretaceous Tertiary boundary [abs.]: Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs, v. 16, no. 6, p. 659.

Smith, R.P., 1975, Structure and petrology of Spanish Peaks dikes, south-central Colorado [Ph.D. thesis]: Boulder, University of Colorado, 191 p.

Stormer, J.C., 1972, Ages and nature of volcanic activity on the southern high plains, New Mexico and Colorado: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 83, p. 2443 2448.

Stroud, J. R., 1998, Geochronology of the Raton-Clayton volcanic field, New Mexico, with implications for volcanic history and landscape evolution [M.S. thesis]: Socorro, New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, 51 p.

Strum, S.R., 1984, Depositional environments and lithofacies of the Raton Formation, eastern Raton Basin, New Mexico [M.S. thesis]: Raleigh, North Carolina State University, 81 p.

Tschudy, R.H., 1970, Palynology of the Cretaceous Tertiary boundary in the northern Rocky Mountain and Mississippi Embayment regions, in Kosanke, R.M., and Cross, A.T., eds., Symposium on palynology of the Late Cretaceous and early Tertiary: Geological Society of America Special Paper 127, p. 65 111.

_____, 1973, The Gasbuggy Core--a palynological appraisal in Fassett, J.E., ed., Cretaceous and Tertiary rocks of the southern Colorado Plateau: Four Corners Geological Society Memoir, p. 131 143.

Tschudy, R.H., Pillmore, C.L., Orth, C.J., Gilmore, J.S., and Knight, J.D., 1984, Disruption of the terrestrial plant ecosystem at the Cretaceous Tertiary boundary, Western Interior: Science, v. 225, no. 4666, p. 1030 1034.

Tschudy, R.H., and Tschudy, B.D., 1986, Extinction and survival of plant life following the Cretaceous/Tertiary boundary event, Western Interior, North America: Geology, v. 14, no. 8, p. 667 670.

Tweto, O.L., 1987, Rock units of the Precambrian basement in Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1321-A, 54 p.

Wolfe, J.A., and Upchurch, G.R., 1986, Vegetation, climatic and floral changes at the Cretaceous Tertiary boundary: Nature, v. 324, no. 6093, p. 148-152.

Woodward, L.A., and Snyder, D.O., 1976, Structural framework of the southern Raton Basin, New Mexico: New Mexico Geological Society Guidebook, 27th Field Conference, Vermejo Park, p. 125 127.

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